Know More About Whole Grain And It’s Importance For Good Health.

Know More About Whole Grain And It’s Importance For Good Health.

With the increasing trends of vegetarianism and healthful nutritious diet, whole grain foods are on the rise. Companies are working with dieticians to make wholesome foods offering wider variety, quicker meals and richer taste.

What are unrefined grains?

In traditional Indian diets, grains were consumed either in whole form, or as coarse flours made from stone grinding. Today, however, much of the grain is milled and refined and this process removes most of the bran and the germ, and leaves only endosperm.

Whole grains are not processed or refined but used as whole, retaining the germ, endosperm and the outer shell (bran) intact.

What is the use of germ?

The germ of any grain has high nutrition value (vitamin B, vitamin E, antioxidants and unsaturated fats) while the outer shell is rich in fibre, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, zinc and vitamin B. The endosperm is the storehouse rich in carbohydrates and protein to provide energy. They are better sources of fibre and other important nutrients, such as selenium, potassium and magnesium.

Whole grains are either single foods, such as brown rice and popcorn, or ingredients in products, such as buckwheat in pancakes or wholewheat in bread. Refined foods include white flour, white rice and white bread. Many breads, cereals, crackers, desserts and pastries are made with refined grains, too.

Nutritionists advise to include whole grains in your diet rather than refined grains to maintain the healthy lifestyle one needs to follow.

Advantages of whole grain diet

A slice of commercially prepared white bread has 66 calories, 1.9 grams protein and 0.6 grams fibre. A slice of wholewheat bread has 69 calories and provides 3.6g protein and 1.9g fibre. Studies show that eating whole grains, instead of refined grains, lowers the risk of many chronic diseases. Epidemiological studies conducted till date have revealed that people who consume three servings of whole grains on a daily basis are at a lower risk of being affected by hormone-related cancers by 10-40 per cent, digestive system cancers by 21-43 per cent and stroke by 37 per cent.

Those who consume whole grain products on a regular basis are less likely to gain weight. Whole grain products have been found to have beneficial effects on those suffering from hypertension. Including whole grain products in the diet can help one prevent osteoporosis and many other bone-related ailments. The consumption of whole grains has been linked to reduced risk of coronary heart disease. Whole grains have a slow digestibility, making them contribute positively to the glucose and insulin responses. This in turn, has been found to lower the risk of diabetes. Every whole grain item in your diet helps. They are full of nutrients; including fibre, B vitamins, and magnesium. The dietary fibre (the indigestible part of the plant that is also found in fruits and vegetables) present in whole grains consists of soluble and insoluble fibre. The insoluble dietary fibre prevents constipation. It also lowers the risk of cardiovascular diseases by reducing total and LDL cholesterol levels. Soluble dietary fibre (found in oats and barley) is associated with lowering cholesterol levels and offers a protection against cardiovascular abnormalities.

Management of Diabetes Mellitus:

Whole grains may play a role both in prevention and management of diabetes mellitus. In diabetics, soluble fibre in whole grains causes a slower rise in glucose levels; what is generally referred to as an improved glucose response. This is also because they are more slowly digested than the cereals and thus permit a slower increase in blood sugar levels.

The best way to consume whole grain products is to flake them, grind or eat them whole, cracked or split.

How To Make Your Meal Palatable

Eating a variety of whole grains not only ensures that you get more health-promoting nutrients but also helps make your meals and snacks more palatable. Enjoy breakfasts that include whole grains cereals, such as bran flakes, shredded wheat or oatmeal. Substitute whole wheat toast or whole grain bagels for plain bagels. Substitute low-fat bran muffins for pastries. Make sandwiches using wholegrain breads or roll. Replace with rice with brown rice. Add whole grains, such as cooked brown rice or whole grain bread crumbs, to ground meat and poultry. Try and incorporate whole grains in your chappaties. Prepare them with whole wheat, bajra, jowar, and ragi for maximum health benefits instead of flours. Whole wheat breads, oats, wheat flakes and cornflakes can be used as healthful breakfast cereals. Breads made of rye are also available. Whole wheat pitas and pizza bases are also available now-a-days.

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How To Overcome Feeling Of Worry

How To Overcome Feeling Of Worry

Here are few practical steps.

Change your self-image. You must begin by asking yourself, “what sort of person I am?” How would you describe yourself? A person who is afraid of life, uneasy in many situations and prone to worry?

The way to overcome fear and worry is to change your response to the situations around you. The secret is in ourselves. It is not what happens to us but the way we react to what happens that counts.

Make a positive approach to life. To change tour self-image you must change your reaction to the experiences of life. Begin by counting your blessings and being thankful for your possessions.

Is your mind able to think and plan? Are you able to see the beauty of the countryside, hear and enjoy melodious music, appreciate tasty and healthy food? These are real blessings.

Every day stop a few minutes to appreciate what you have. Begin the day with a positive affirmation “I am going to live this day enjoying good health and happiness”.

Resolve to face life as it really is. If you have problems face them squarely- don’t run away from them or leave them in the back of your mind.

When some misfortune threatens, consider seriously and deliberately what is the worst that could possibly happen. Then be prepared to face it bravely while hoping for the best. You will find that you worry disappears to a great extent. If you have not shirked in facing the worst possible situation, you will find that your worry dissolves altogether.

Remember you have at your disposal your personal gifts and the strength that comes from the heart of the Universe. Accept the situation in which you find yourself. If there is nothing that can be done to change it, realize that you will have to live with it and accept it. Many people become tense because they struggle against something that cannot be changed. The great secret of happy and peaceful living is in the phrase “one day at a time”. It means: “Live one day at a time”.

Realize how much time you have wasted by worrying about the future and regretting about the past. Today is yours to use it to the full.

When you get up in the morning resolve to think of matters concerned with that one day and leave everything else until the next day comes. Do your best to handle these subjects with faith and perseverance.

Plan your day. It is a good thing to make a plan for the day. Just as you budget your money, you should also budget your time.

Do your best and leave the rest. Resolve to do your best at each task and then leave it. It is good to remember that “Even this will pass away”.

You cannot do anything properly if you worry about something you are going to do next. Give all your attention to the matter on hand.

Relax. This is perhaps the greatest word of all. Take time to relax and live in relaxed way.

Make up your mind that you will never rush up. Get up a little early so that you don’t have a rush out for work. Take things quietly and calmly. Get into the habit of taking ”one minute rest” off and on several times in a day.

Fix some time during the day when, for ten minutes or so, you can sit down and relax yourself completely.

Remember that you need to relax your mind as well as your body. Prepare a quiet room for yourself. Let your mind dwell upon the beautiful pictures around you in the room and the beauty you can see from the windows.

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Know More About The Most Melodious Bird Nightingale

No bird has been written so much by poets as the nightingale. Its song is supposed to be the most beautiful of all and nobody has been quite able to describe it. As a matter of fact, this attempt at describing it goes back to Aristophanes, the ancient Greek writer!

According to the poets, the nightingale sings only at night and at almost any season of the year. But this isn't true. The nightingale is a migratory bird and in England, for example, can only be heard between the middle of April and the middle of June. The nightingale does not visit Ireland, Wales or Scotland. On the continent of Europe it is quite abundant in the South, and even goes as far as Iran, Arabia, Abyssinia, Algeria, and the Gold Coast of Africa.

Only the male nightingale sings. His melody is the song of courtship to his mate, which remains silent in a neighbouring bush or tree. He sings during the day as well as at night, but because of other birds, his song is not noticed so much then.

The male keeps singing until the female has hatched out her brood. Then he remains quiet so as not to attract enemies to the nest. He stays on guard, and his notes are short calls to tell his mate that all is well, or to warn her of some danger.

While the nightingale sings one of the most beautiful songs of all birds, its plumage is very inconspicuous. Male and female are very much alike- a reddish-brown above and dull grayish-white beneath.

The nest the nightingales build is somewhat unusual. It is placed on or near the ground. The outside of the nest consists mostly of dead leaves set up vertically. In the midst of this is a deep cuplike hollow, neatly lined with fibres from roots. It is very loosely constructed and a very slight touch can disturb it. There are from four to six eggs of a deep olive colour.

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Know More About Cement And Concrete

Cement is one of the most important raw materials used in construction work because it is the essential ingredient in concrete. Millions upon millions of tones of concrete are used every year in building roads, bridges, dams, and so on. It is cheap, easy to make, and is waterproof and fireproof. It can also be used under water. When concrete is first mixed, it forms a pasty mass that can be cast into any shape. But it quickly sets rock-hard.

Cement Manufacturing Plant

How concrete is made

Concrete is made by adding water to a mixture of cement, sand, and gravel or stone. The sand is called fine aggregate and the stones are called coarse aggregate. The sand fills in the gaps between the larger stones so that there will no air trapped between them. The presence of air would weaken the concrete. The most common type of cement is Portland cement, which is a fine, grey powder made by roasting a crushed mixture of limestone, clay, and other materials. Large lumps of chalk or limestone rock from a quarry are broken down into smaller lumps by powerful mechanical crushers. Then they are mixed with the other materials and water to form slurry. The slurry enters a ball mill where tumbling steel balls grind it finely. From there it passes into a long, cylindrical kiln that slopes slightly downwards and rotates so that the materials gradually move along it. In this kiln the materials are first dried and then heated while-hot to form a hard, coak-like mass, called clinker. After cooling, this clinker is finely crushed into the familiar fine powdery form of cement. A certain amount of gypsum is added to control the rate at which the cement will eventually set.

Concrete Mixer

Concrete is usually mixed on the site where it is to be used in machines called concrete mixers. They have a rotating drum which mixes the ingredients thoroughly together. The wet concrete may be taken to where it is needed in huge buckets, or skips carried by cranes, or it may be pumped into place through a pipeline. Sometimes concrete is supplied ready-mixed in huge mixer trucks, which pour it directly into place.

Concrete may be cast in its final position in moulds made of wood. Or it may be precast into shape and then taken to the site to be assembled.

Reinforced concrete

Ordinary concrete is strong when it is being squeezed, or under compression. But it is weak when it is being stretched, or under tension. If, say a concrete beam is supported only at its ends, this weakness may cause it to crack and collapse. To prevent this weakness, steel wires or rods are cast into concrete. It is then known as reinforced concrete. The strength can be increased further by stretching the wires or rods either before or after they are forced in the concrete.

In pretensioning, the concrete is cast around rods that are being stretched. When the concrete sets, the rods are released and compress the concrete, making it stronger. In post-tensioning, the concrete beam is cast with holes, pulled out, and then anchored so that the beam is under compression. This again strengthens the beam. 

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Know Full About The Combat Dance Of Rattlesnake

The combat dance of rattlesnake is one of Nature’s great oddities. Actually, it is not a dance but a curious kind of wrestling combat, and it is believed to be rooted in the instinct of all animals to protect their own territory.

The encounter takes place when two angry snakes, one of them an intruder, meet head-on. The combatants pause for a moment, and then, with a sudden convulsive movement, they simultaneously raise the forward parts of their bodies straight up in the air to a height of about two feet and press against each other.

At the same time, they intertwine their tails firmly together to give themselves a purchase for their upright positions. It looks like an embrace, but it is not. It is a fight, each snake trying to push the other to the ground. Weaving back and forth in the air, the embattled reptiles slam and press the free portions of their bodies against each other with great force. The back of the head offers the most vulnerable target. Each snake knows that a push at this point can easily topple his opponent. To add power to this push, the snake fills their lungs deeply with air to make their bodies more rigid on the attack.

The fight continues for some minutes, during which time the snakes are completely oblivious to any danger that threatens nearby. Finally one snake is brought to the ground. The victor holds him there for a moment and then allows the vanquished snake to escape and glide away unharmed.

Only male snakes engage in this combat dance. And they fight only to drive their opponent from the field, very much as medieval knights used to do. They do not fight to kill. If so, they would use their fangs on each other, since most snakes are susceptible to the fatal effects of their own venom.

The combat dance has not been observed very often. The well-known herpetologist, Ross Allen, says that he has witnessed it only three times in more than more than forty years spent studying the habits of reptiles.

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Know More About Turning Natural Resources Into Energy

The Sun and its energy

Most of our energy comes from the Sun. The Sun is a big ball of glowing gases, made up mostly of hydrogen. Inside the Sun, hydrogen atoms join together (through a process called nuclear fusion) and become helium. During the fusion process large amount of energy is released. The energy works its way to the Sun’s surface and then radiates out into space in the form of waves. These waves give us heat and light. The energy from the Sun is stored in our food, which provides fuel to our bodies. It happens thus:

• Plants absorb energy from the Sun (Solar energy) and convert absorbed energy to chemical energy for storage.
• Animals eat plants and gain the stored chemical energy.
• People eat plants and meat.
• Food provides the body with energy to work and play.

The Sun stores its energy in Fossil Fuels

The Sun also provides the energy stored in fossil fuels. Coal, petroleum and natural gas are fossil fuels. They come from the remnants of ancient plants and animals over millions and millions of years. This is how it happened:

• Hundreds of millions of year ago, before people lied on Earth, trees and other plants absorbed energy from the Sun, just as they do today.
• Animals ate plants and smaller animals.
• After the plants and animals died, they slowly became buried deeper and deeper underground.
• After millions of years, they eventually turned into coal and petroleum.

Although the buried prehistoric plants and animals changed from over time, they still contained stored energy. When we burn fossil fuels today, the stored energy from the Sun is released in the form of heat. The heat is used to warm our homes and other buildings and produce electricity for our lights and appliances.

How does energy get to you?

Energy from Fossil Fuels

Most of our energy comes from fossil fuels. Your home may be heated with oil or natural gas. You may have a kitchen stove that uses natural gas. Cars need gasoline to run. The following shows how energy goes from a primary source to a form of energy that we can use:

• The fossil fuel is taken to a furnace, where it is burned. The heat produced by the burning fuel is used to heat water that flows through pipes. When the water boils, it becomes steam.
• The Steam is sent to a turbine. The steam pushes against the blades of the turbine and causes it to spin.
• A shaft attached to the turbine turns a generator and a spinning magnet produces electricity in coils nearby.
• The electricity is sent by wires over long distances to homes and businesses. The electricity can then be used for lighting and for running appliances or machinery.

Energy from water

For centuries, people have been getting energy from rushing water. In a hydroelectric plant, water from rivers or dams is used to drive machinery like a turbine. The turbine is connected to a generator, which produces electricity.

Nuclear Energy: In nuclear reactors, Uranium atoms are split into smaller atoms to produce heat. The heat is hen used to produce electricity, just as the heat from burning coal is used.

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Things To Know For Handing A Sick Child

  

Nursing a sick child often requires more skill and understanding. The mind of a child works differently. He has no experience to guide him. A sick child is naturally afraid, even if you have told him he will be well again in a few days.

Child’s imagination: Every child has a highly active imagination, which becomes even more sensitive when he is sick. You must be careful not to increase his fears. Children have heard adults tell tales about illness and death, including all harrowing details. This sort of exaggeration is harmful to child. Then when he becomes ill, and his imagination is already working overtime, he may be almost scared to death. Therefore, try to keep him calm and quiet. Another instance of the fear in a child is the moment when the doctor prescribes an injection. If so, be sure to set a good example yourself. Don’t cringe when the doctor opens his bag. The child may be watching how you react in this emergency. If you are calm and cheerful, he will try to follow your example.

Fortunately, Nature is kind to young children. Most of their illness last only a few days at most. One minute they seem to be sick and at another they are up and running around as if nothing had happened. Except in certain crippling diseases, they rarely have to stay long in bed.

When your child is sick, be sure to consult the doctor early in the day. Don’t wait till midnight, merely hoping for the best. Remember, the earlier the doctor is consulted, the better for the child and also for yourself. A young child does not have the reserve energies of an adult. He can go downhill very rapidly with certain types of infection. Don’t take a chance, consult the doctor early.

Should you pamper your child? Not necessarily. All children like to be considered as heroes. So don’t pamper your child when he is sick. Sometimes they refuse to take prescribed diet and demand their choice. When this happens, try to explain the child how the planned and prescribed diet helps him become normal soon. Help him to act like a grown-up. At the same time do not make a simple illness seem too important. If your child gets too much attention, he may prefer to remain sick or feign sick.

Don’t allow too many visitors at home when your child is sick. Allow him to see Nature as much as possible. Narrate stories with happy endings. He may want to hear some favourite story over and over again. Either you read for him or narrate. Talk about cheerful things and avoid all morbid discussions. The child recovers fast and brings cheer in you.

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